The Dynamic Leontief Model and the Theory of Endogenous Growth

This paper shows that the dynamic Leontief model can be interpreted as a linear model of endogenous growth. The long-term rate of growth is determined within the economic system - either as the outcome of the saving and investment behaviour of agents or as the outcome of some planner's maximization of some objective function.     

A New Viewpoint on Nudes in Advertising and Brand Recall

Despite research findings' that scantily-clad or even nude models in advertisements do not improve brand recall of the products advertised, marketers continue to employ nudity in their advertising. In recent years males as well as females have been used as models. Since current research reflects only the effectiveness of female nudity for brand recall among male audiences, this study was conducted to see what happens when those roles are reversed. Findings did not replicate those of previous studies which indicated a reverse correlation between increased nudity and brand recall. Both male and female audiences demonstrated increased brand recall as the model's nudity was increased.     

The European Budget in the Years 2007 to 2013 and the Common Agricultural Policy

The EU budget for the new fi nancial period of 2007 to 2013 represents a compromise with which no-one is truly satisfied. The controversial debate which preceded it was unable to produce a radical reform of the EU's finances, particularly as regards the Common Agricultural Policy. The differences in the level of wealth in the EU countries and regions will therefore be reduced more slowly than would otherwise have been possible.     

Determinants of International Activities: Are SMEs Different?

In this paper we econometrically investigate the factors determining the choice of a specific internationalisation strategy. We distinguish four strategies, ranging from “serving foreign markets through exports only” up to “exporting and locating abroad several business functions such as distribution, production and R & D”. These strategies are evaluated against the reference category “domestic sales only” (multinomial logit model). The analysis, to a large extent, confirms Dunning’s well-known OLI paradigm. O-advantages turn out to be the main drivers of internationalisation, irrespective of firm size and internationalisation strategy. However, the knowledge-base on which O-advantages of smaller firms rests is more narrow than that of large companies. Whereas the former rely, in relative terms, primarily on capabilities related to incremental innovations, the latter draw to a higher extent on assets enabling them to be competitive in terms of far-reaching innovations. L-advantages (wages, regulatory framework, etc.) primarily are relevant in case of small firms; but even for this size class, O-advantages are dominant.     

Effects of the Southward extension on the EC—Labour market

The European Community will be enlarged in the next few years by the accession of Greece, Portugal and Spain. Which will be the consequences for the labour market of the EC and the Federal Republic of Germany in particular?     

Das adaptierte deutsche Arbeitsbeziehungsmodell im Vergleich

Zusammenfassung  Das deutsche Modell der Beziehungen zwischen Arbeitgebern und Arbeitnehmern innerhalb eines Unternehmens — vor allem die betriebliche Mitbestimmung — stand lange Zeit in der Kritik, w?hrend das anglo-amerikanische Modell als überlegen angesehen wurde. Welches Arbeitsbeziehungsmodell w?hlen deutsche und amerikanische Unternehmen in einem in Hinblick auf die Ausgestaltung der Arbeitsbeziehungen freizügigen Umfeld, wie es in Gro?britannien herrscht? Wie wirkt sich die Wahl des Modells auf Arbeitsproduktivit?t und Profi tabilit?t der Tochterunternehmen aus? Prof. Dr. Arne Heise, 48, lehrt Volkswirtschaftslehre an der Universit?t Hamburg und an der Izmir Economics University, Türkei; Prof. Dr. Heinz Tüselmann, 49, lehrt International Business an der Manchester Metropolitan University; Prof. Dr. Frank McDonald, 58, lehrt International Business an der University of Bradford; und Matthew Allen, 38, ist Lecturer an der Manchester Business School. Prof. Dr. Arne Heise, 48, lehrt Volkswirtschaftslehre an der Universit?t Hamburg und an der Izmir Economics University, Türkei; Prof. Dr. Heinz Tüselmann, 49, lehrt International Business an der Manchester Metropolitan University; Prof. Dr. Frank McDonald, 58, lehrt International Business an der University of Bradford; und Matthew Allen, 38, ist Lecturer an der Manchester Business School. Dieser Aufsatz fasst die Ergebnisse eines von der Hans-B?ckler-Stiftung gef?rderten Projektes „Employee Relations and Firm Performance: A Comparison of German and US Multinational Companies in the United Kingdom“ zusammen.     

Wages and indirect labour costs in Western industrialized countries

All Western industrialized countries have been passing through the same economic sequence since 1970: a boom followed by a recession which in turn gave way to a slow recovery. Economic and social policy focuses everywhere on the fight against inflation and unemployment. The success or failure of these efforts is reflected by the wage levels which are one of the most important economic efficiency indicators. The following article provides an international survey¹.